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The philosophy behind the actions
Hossam Badrawi
Presti
I thought a lot about the sometimes absence of philosophy behind decisions and actions in running a country, especially in countries of the developing world, because without the presence of a philosophy, confusion occurs and actions may conflict between one government and the next.
For example, the philosophy of justice requires the presence of a prosecution that carries out the investigation before bringing charges against the citizen, otherwise the security apparatus becomes in control of people’s destinies. The prosecution is an apparatus that must be neutral and not under the guardianship of the executive authority, in order to protect the people. The prosecutor, philosophically, is the lawyer of the masses of the people.
If statistics indicate that the number of acquittal cases in courts is greater than the number of cases proving the accusation, then the people’s lawyer may turn into his executioner.
Therefore, to maintain the philosophy behind the action, there must be oversight, statistics, and analysis so that the function does not deviate from the philosophy of its existence.
The same thing applies to the philosophy that the accused is innocent until proven guilty. If we put everyone we suspect behind bars, whether by excessive pretrial detention for months that may extend to years, or by treating the accused as a criminal until his innocence is proven, or by putting the accused in a cage during his trial, then we are out. On the philosophy of complete justice.
As for development issues, and I will take education as an example, his philosophy is that it is a right of the citizen, and a priority that cannot be discussed. If the state imposes fees to enter public schools or provides the right inefficiently, it requires spending by the people to obtain education outside the formal institutional education system or in higher education. Establishing public universities that accommodate the majority of citizens at expenses that exceed the capabilities of citizens and without creating a funding system for students, it violates the philosophy of education by all standards.
I remember that when Britain imposed additional fees on top of the state budget allocated to each student in universities, it created a student financing system that the graduate does not pay until after he graduates, works, and obtains an income that allows him to repay the loan without affecting his life. I remind you that all citizens in Europe have the right to education at the expense of society as a whole, which is represented by governments. This right cannot be taken away from citizens, as it is the philosophy behind everyone’s right to education.
Another example is the philosophy of raising the level of teachers, which says, “The level of education in any nation does not rise above the level of its teachers.”
So the philosophy of education is linked to working to raise the level and ability of teachers, otherwise we would become outside the philosophy of education.
Another example is the philosophy of constructing highways, for example, as its goal is to facilitate traffic and quickly reach the goal, and the width of the road is measured by its narrowest point.
If we spend money and build roads and then do not plan the road or place guidance signs as is known throughout the world, or if we do not create exits along with the road in a capacity that allows for facilitating movement, then we are not fundamentally following the philosophy of its existence and the state’s spending becomes without an integrated return.
The same thing applies to the case of closing traffic in front of hundreds of cars during peak hours to check car licenses with the aim of discovering one violator in front of blocking a hundred non-violators behind him. Philosophy says that the rights of the ninety-nine and facilitating their lives are more important and better than disrupting everyone in order to discover one violator.
In the philosophy of security management in our developing world, the practices that believe that securing any area is by closing it to passers-by, while neither the stability of security in developed countries nor its effectiveness prevents the continuation of life in the geographical area, because security is not achieved by appearances and closing roads, but rather real security is achieved by We do not feel the presence of men who terrorize citizens, and without practices that stop people’s lives and disrupt their interests.. The easiest solution, which indicates a lack of resourcefulness, is to close and prevent traffic, without caring about the presence of shops in those streets, which are forced to close their doors, lose their customers, and do not care about the presence of residents. They struggle to reach their homes, behind the concrete blocks where the security forces are stationed. They ask everyone who approaches where he is going, and demand proof that he lives in one of the sad buildings located in the security zone, as if it were behind the gates of an impenetrable prison.
The issue is in the philosophy behind the actions. Whenever you see security procedures and central security cars on the streets, know that security is not stable. These are manifestations of weakness, not strength, because strong security cannot be seen with the eye.
The same thing, philosophically, is the security gates at the entrances to hotels, which we no longer see in all of Europe now, or at the entrances to malls, which have become formal procedures that do not provide real security value.
I would even add that the security ambushes in the streets that sometimes begin for a reason, and the reason for their existence ends, but they remain there, blocking a lane of traffic without meaning, and we call them ambushes, and everyone knows their location. It is a management philosophy and concept that is not concerned with truth but with form.
Now we come to the philosophy of democracy. Do we respect it?
The philosophy of democracy is consultation, freedom, accountability, and the rotation of power within the framework of a law agreed upon by all.
If governments violate this philosophy, they have strayed from the right path.
We notice that as we look at Western democracy, and what is applied in countries of the world, especially developing countries, we find many contradictions between philosophy and reality. We see the coercion of powers granted to governments, and sometimes social injustice to classes of people who cannot, with the elements of their knowledge and abilities, obtain true equality. For the available opportunities, as we claim and say, the most educated, the wealthiest, and the most open to the world get the opportunity, and the gap between citizens increases gradually and the opportunities for sustainable human development that we seek from good governance are often lost.
Democracy succeeded in Europe and North America, but failed to apply it in developing and poor countries.
the question is:
What is the dilemma of applying the rules of political freedom and achieving democracy in these countries?
The answer is that action is not proportionate or linked to philosophy. To achieve democracy in poor and uneducated countries, to solve the dilemma, we must look at the philosophy of democracy in a deeper way.
Hossam Badrawi
Presti
I thought a lot about the sometimes absence of philosophy behind decisions and actions in running a country, especially in countries of the developing world, because without the presence of a philosophy, confusion occurs and actions may conflict between one government and the next.
For example, the philosophy of justice requires the presence of a prosecution that carries out the investigation before bringing charges against the citizen, otherwise the security apparatus becomes in control of people’s destinies. The prosecution is an apparatus that must be neutral and not under the guardianship of the executive authority, in order to protect the people. The prosecutor, philosophically, is the lawyer of the masses of the people.
If statistics indicate that the number of acquittal cases in courts is greater than the number of cases proving the accusation, then the people’s lawyer may turn into his executioner.
Therefore, to maintain the philosophy behind the action, there must be oversight, statistics, and analysis so that the function does not deviate from the philosophy of its existence.
The same thing applies to the philosophy that the accused is innocent until proven guilty. If we put everyone we suspect behind bars, whether by excessive pretrial detention for months that may extend to years, or by treating the accused as a criminal until his innocence is proven, or by putting the accused in a cage during his trial, then we are out. On the philosophy of complete justice.
As for development issues, and I will take education as an example, his philosophy is that it is a right of the citizen, and a priority that cannot be discussed. If the state imposes fees to enter public schools or provides the right inefficiently, it requires spending by the people to obtain education outside the formal institutional education system or in higher education. Establishing public universities that accommodate the majority of citizens at expenses that exceed the capabilities of citizens and without creating a funding system for students, it violates the philosophy of education by all standards.
I remember that when Britain imposed additional fees on top of the state budget allocated to each student in universities, it created a student financing system that the graduate does not pay until after he graduates, works, and obtains an income that allows him to repay the loan without affecting his life. I remind you that all citizens in Europe have the right to education at the expense of society as a whole, which is represented by governments. This right cannot be taken away from citizens, as it is the philosophy behind everyone’s right to education.
Another example is the philosophy of raising the level of teachers, which says, “The level of education in any nation does not rise above the level of its teachers.”
So the philosophy of education is linked to working to raise the level and ability of teachers, otherwise we would become outside the philosophy of education.
Another example is the philosophy of constructing highways, for example, as its goal is to facilitate traffic and quickly reach the goal, and the width of the road is measured by its narrowest point.
If we spend money and build roads and then do not plan the road or place guidance signs as is known throughout the world, or if we do not create exits along with the road in a capacity that allows for facilitating movement, then we are not fundamentally following the philosophy of its existence and the state’s spending becomes without an integrated return.
The same thing applies to the case of closing traffic in front of hundreds of cars during peak hours to check car licenses with the aim of discovering one violator in front of blocking a hundred non-violators behind him. Philosophy says that the rights of the ninety-nine and facilitating their lives are more important and better than disrupting everyone in order to discover one violator.
In the philosophy of security management in our developing world, the practices that believe that securing any area is by closing it to passers-by, while neither the stability of security in developed countries nor its effectiveness prevents the continuation of life in the geographical area, because security is not achieved by appearances and closing roads, but rather real security is achieved by We do not feel the presence of men who terrorize citizens, and without practices that stop people’s lives and disrupt their interests.. The easiest solution, which indicates a lack of resourcefulness, is to close and prevent traffic, without caring about the presence of shops in those streets, which are forced to close their doors, lose their customers, and do not care about the presence of residents. They struggle to reach their homes, behind the concrete blocks where the security forces are stationed. They ask everyone who approaches where he is going, and demand proof that he lives in one of the sad buildings located in the security zone, as if it were behind the gates of an impenetrable prison.
The issue is in the philosophy behind the actions. Whenever you see security procedures and central security cars on the streets, know that security is not stable. These are manifestations of weakness, not strength, because strong security cannot be seen with the eye.
The same thing, philosophically, is the security gates at the entrances to hotels, which we no longer see in all of Europe now, or at the entrances to malls, which have become formal procedures that do not provide real security value.
I would even add that the security ambushes in the streets that sometimes begin for a reason, and the reason for their existence ends, but they remain there, blocking a lane of traffic without meaning, and we call them ambushes, and everyone knows their location. It is a management philosophy and concept that is not concerned with truth but with form.
Now we come to the philosophy of democracy. Do we respect it?
The philosophy of democracy is consultation, freedom, accountability, and the rotation of power within the framework of a law agreed upon by all.
If governments violate this philosophy, they have strayed from the right path.
We notice that as we look at Western democracy, and what is applied in countries of the world, especially developing countries, we find many contradictions between philosophy and reality. We see the coercion of powers granted to governments, and sometimes social injustice to classes of people who cannot, with the elements of their knowledge and abilities, obtain true equality. For the available opportunities, as we claim and say, the most educated, the wealthiest, and the most open to the world get the opportunity, and the gap between citizens increases gradually and the opportunities for sustainable human development that we seek from good governance are often lost.
Democracy succeeded in Europe and North America, but failed to apply it in developing and poor countries.
the question is:
What is the dilemma of applying the rules of political freedom and achieving democracy in these countries?
The answer is that action is not proportionate or linked to philosophy. To achieve democracy in poor and uneducated countries, to solve the dilemma, we must look at the philosophy of democracy in a deeper way.
. The democratic model, even in its current application in the West, is subject to review as a result of the information and communications revolution, which broke down the barriers between the citizen and the decision-maker, and provided an opportunity for direct communication between them, perhaps without the need for an intermediary such as parties. Rather, parties lost their importance as a tool for organizing, mobilizing voters, and collecting donations due to the possibility of The candidate can do this directly via the Internet.
Perhaps the greatest interest of the citizen now is focused on the effectiveness of governance, that is, the extent of achievement and response to the citizen’s demands, regardless of the ideological idea adopted by the regime.
But on the other hand, achieving the greatest effectiveness of governance is linked to the access of the most efficient to governance seats through a system that allows this, and is also linked to the importance of having a system of oversight and accountability for the decision-maker, and setting periods for governance to ensure renewal of thought and vitality of performance. In short, we believe that the new generation of democracy must focus on the following elements:
– Effectiveness of governance
– Competence of referees
– Oversight and accountability independent of the executive authority.
– An independent and effective justice system (the real revolution must happen here in this area)
– An education and culture system that gives citizens the opportunity to choose the best.
We are looking for new initiatives for governance, in agreement between what we dream of in a modern civil state and the real forces on the ground. Initiatives that do not deprive the country of its human potential or of its effective national institutions. Initiatives that give freedom its place and respect by ensuring complete justice that does not allow freedom to turn into… Chaos, nor selective manipulation of the law. Initiatives that allow the general public to freely and carefully choose their representatives in Parliament.
The philosophy behind the action and reviewing the application to fit the philosophy of its existence is extremely important.
Perhaps the greatest interest of the citizen now is focused on the effectiveness of governance, that is, the extent of achievement and response to the citizen’s demands, regardless of the ideological idea adopted by the regime.
But on the other hand, achieving the greatest effectiveness of governance is linked to the access of the most efficient to governance seats through a system that allows this, and is also linked to the importance of having a system of oversight and accountability for the decision-maker, and setting periods for governance to ensure renewal of thought and vitality of performance. In short, we believe that the new generation of democracy must focus on the following elements:
– Effectiveness of governance
– Competence of referees
– Oversight and accountability independent of the executive authority.
– An independent and effective justice system (the real revolution must happen here in this area)
– An education and culture system that gives citizens the opportunity to choose the best.
We are looking for new initiatives for governance, in agreement between what we dream of in a modern civil state and the real forces on the ground. Initiatives that do not deprive the country of its human potential or of its effective national institutions. Initiatives that give freedom its place and respect by ensuring complete justice that does not allow freedom to turn into… Chaos, nor selective manipulation of the law. Initiatives that allow the general public to freely and carefully choose their representatives in Parliament.
The philosophy behind the action and reviewing the application to fit the philosophy of its existence is extremely important.
